The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence in healthcare presents both opportunities and challenges for medical-surgical nursing practice.

This narrative review synthesizes current evidence on AI applications in clinical decision support, predictive analytics, robotic-assisted procedures, and documentation systems, examining how machine learning and natural language processing are reshaping nursing workflows, patient outcomes, and professional responsibilities.

AI-powered clinical decision support shows promise for care quality and patient safety, but successful implementation requires clear accountability frameworks, robust validation, and continued human professional judgment. Algorithmic bias, data privacy, workforce adaptation, and preserving humanistic nursing principles remain critical challenges.

Responsible AI integration in medical-surgical nursing requires a balanced approach that leverages technological capability while preserving professional autonomy, patient-centered care, and health equity.